For candidates running for public office, debates are a key opportunity to communicate their ideas, distinguish themselves from crowded fields and capture the public imagination. But they can be challenging, and a poor performance is often costly (see the ratios below). Careful preparation is essential. That preparation includes researching the issues and your opponents (especially their biography, public statements and record in office), practicing with a partner (or a team of them) and focusing on the way you sound and look. Voters like confident people who show personality, and they are repulsed by candidates who snarl or hurl barnyard insults. It is also important to consider the audience, whether they will be able to see you or not. The best prepared candidates understand that their performance is a two-way street, and they treat their opponents with respect and courtesy.
Many of the current rules and structures governing debates have been in place for decades. They can stifle discussion and produce political theater that does not inform voters about the candidates’ positions, priorities and core political messages or clarify distinctions among them.
Despite their limitations, debates have unique power to engage and inspire voters. With needed reforms, they can foster civic involvement, increase the amount of information voters have about their choices in an election and forecast governance, and promote a sense of hope and engagement in our country’s future.